Page 9 - TheTalents 2018 Debate9

Upper pole access
Access below the 12 rib rarely results in plural injury (<5%)


CT study of pts:
1
 
th
Right 86%; Left 79%
Supra Surpa
-
11
rib

12
th
rib
-
Right 29%; Left 14%


Clinical series for supracostal approaches 3.3
15.3%
-
2,3
1. Hopperetal.AJRAmJ
; 1990.
2. Yadav et al.
Int
et al. J
Roentgenol
3.
Lojanapiwat
J Urol; 2006. Endourol
2006
.