Antegrade percutaneous
Safety
Adverse events
Fever
Lower urinary tract symptoms
Pericarditis
Hematuria
Infection
Septicaemia
Grade 1
Grade 2
55 consecutive patients 5 (9%)
5 (9%)
- Adverse events in 20%
1 (2%)
Grade 3
1 (2%)
2 (4%)
Grade 4
1 (2%)
Grade 5
1 (2%)
Giannarini, Eur Urol 2011